Uzbekistan, officially
the Republic of Uzbekistan, is a doubly landlocked country in Central Asia. It
is itself surrounded by five landlocked countries: Kazakhstan to the north;
Kyrgyzstan to the northeast; Tajikistan to the southeast; Afghanistan to the
south, Turkmenistan to the south-west. Its capital and largest city is
Tashkent. Uzbekistan is part of the Turkic languages world, as well as a member
of the Turkic Council. While the Uzbek language is the majority-spoken language
in Uzbekistan, Russian serves as the local lingua franca. Islam is the
predominant religion in Uzbekistan, most Uzbeks being Sunni Muslims.
Nukus Museum of Art, also
known as the Savitsky Museum and the Desert of Forbidden Art. It possesses the
world’s second largest collection of Russian avant-garde artworks, as well as
galleries of antiquities and Karakalpak folk art. In total, there are more than
82,000 items in the museum’s collection. The museum was described by The
Guardian as the Louvre of Uzbekistan. The museum is best known for its
collections of 1920s-1930s avant-garde and post-avant-garde Moscovian art,
although its assemblage of 1960s-1970s artwork created by non-conformists
belonging to the Moscow underground is also noteworthy. These include thousands
of works by masters who never received official recognition, but instead were
accused of dissidence. Most became outcasts in the USSR, where socialist
realism barred the path to recognition and even to basic survival for hundreds
of talented individuals who lived in poverty and died in oblivion.
The Nukus Museum of Art
was established in 1966 at the behest of Igor Savitsky, who became the museum’s
first curator. Initially the museum exhibited archaeological finds from
Karakalpakstan, including from the Khorezm Fortresses; copies of classical
antiquities; and folk art from Karakalpakstan. The majority of exhibits were
collected personally by Savitsky.
Savitsky wanted to
inspire the next generation of Karakalpak artists, and he began collecting
works by modern Central Asian artists. He also purchased artworks by Russian
artists who had painted in, or were influenced by, Central Asia. These included
works of Constructivism, Cubism, Futurism, and Neo-Primitivism which had been
banned by Stalin in the 1930s and were considered to be degenerate forms of
art. The Karakalpak authorities had “some awareness” of what Savitsky was
acquiring, but did not restrict his work as a curator.
The vast majority of
artworks collected by Savitsky were never put on show in the museum. It was not
until Perestroika in 1985, a year after his death, and then the independence of
Uzbekistan in 1991, that the full extent of the collection, and its importance,
was realised.
A new building was
constructed for the Nukus Museum of Art in 2003, and the site has since been
expanded with two additional buildings. These included much-needed additional
exhibition space and also a purpose-built archive and storage centre. The
avant-garde art collection at Nukus Museum of Art is one of the finest in the
world, second in size only to that of the Russian Museum in Saint Petersburg.
In total, the museum has around 10,000 avant-garde artworks, including
paintings, prints, sculptures, and graphics.
Nukus Museum of Art has
approximately 100 paintings by Alexander Volkov, more than any other museum in the
world. Considered to be the father of Uzbek avant-garde, Volkov experimented
with Cubism and Constructivism. Just one of these paintings would reach as much
as £2 million at auction.
The museum also has 1,000
paintings, sketches, and works in progress by Tarasov; and 400 paintings and
1,600 graphics by Stavrovskiy. Ural Tansykbaev, People’s Artist of the USSR, is
well represented: he was interested in Fauvism and French Expressionism, but
was also a war artist and produced designs for the ballet. The only known
surviving artworks by Vladimir Lysenko, (including The Bull, which has become
the museum’s emblem), are all owned and on display in the museum.
Many of the artists whose
work is exhibited at Nukus Museum of Art were purged by Stalin. Nikolaev was
arrested for his sexuality, Kurzin was imprisoned and exiled for anti-Soviet
propaganda, and Solokov was interred in a labour camp.Lysenko was arrested and
confined to a mental asylum for much of his life because of his art. Their work
was supposed to be destroyed, but Savitsky recognised its artistic and
political importance and ensured that it was saved.
The Museum located at 116,
Rashidov Street, Nukus, Working hours: Mon: day off, Tue-Fri: 9:00 – 17:00, Sat-Sun:
10:00 - 17:00. Entrance Fee for Foreign Visitors are :
|
|
Entrance Fee |
Guide |
|
Adults |
25.000 soums |
15.000 soums |
|
Students |
15.000 soums |
8.000 soums |
|
Children |
10.000 soums |
8.000 soums |
Sumber :
https://www.advantour.com/uzbekistan/nukus/nukus-museum.htm
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nukus_Museum_of_Art#cite_note-16
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzbekistan
http://www.savitskycollection.org/visit.html
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